Allan Milne Lees
1 min readApr 5, 2020

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One of the very sad things in history is the trajectory of formerly disempowered groups who, upon attaining greater social power, briefly pass through a phase of eagerly embracing self-betterment only for the group then to adopt norms that militate against self-improvement. When we look at the experiences of freed slaves in the USA and the working class in Britain we see the pattern clearly: lending libraries and other resources enabled literacy to rise dramatically over the 20+ years following emancipation for both groups. Thereafter, however, proletarian norms were adopted by both groups and among these norms was the idea that self-improvement was a “betrayal” of one’s fellows. Thus even today African-Americans scorn and ostracize their peers who attempt to achieve an adequate education, and British working-class adults do likewise to any child who exhibits a desire to pursue academic achievement.

As is so very often the case, group norms impose unnecessary and lasting self-harm.

It’s nice that fan fiction has encouraged a generation to exercise its creativity and thereby improve both their reading and composition skills; it’s sad that this phenomenon has been, as you correctly note, largely confined to middle-class and upper-middle-class adolescents.

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Allan Milne Lees
Allan Milne Lees

Written by Allan Milne Lees

Anyone who enjoys my articles here on Medium may be interested in my books Why Democracy Failed and The Praying Ape, both available from Amazon.

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